A serious incident referred to in subrequlation (5) shall include but not limited to-
(a) a near collision requiring an avoidance manoeuvre to avoid a collision or an unsafe situation or when an avoidance action would have been appropriate;
(b) a collision not classified as accident;
(c) a controlled flight into terrain only marginally avoided;
(d) an aborted take-off on a closed or engaged runway, taxiwav, or unassigned runway;
(e) a take-off from a closed or engaged runway, or from taxiwav or unassigned runway;
(f) a landing or attempted landing on a closed or engaged runway, on a taxiwav, or unassigned runway, or an unintended landing location such as roadway;
(g) a retraction of a landing gear leg or a wheels-up landing not classified as an accident;
(h) a dragging, during landing, of a wing tip, engine pod, or any other part of an aircraft, that is not classified as an accident;
(i) a gross failure to achieve predicted performance during take-off or initial climb;
(j) fire or smoke in a cockpit, passenger compartment, cargo compartment, or engine, even though such fire is extinguished;
(k) an event requiring an emergency use of oxygen by flight crew;
(l) an aircraft structural failure or engine disintegration, including uncontained turbine engine failure, not classified as an accident;
(m) a multiple malfunction of one or more aircraft systems seriously affecting the operation of an aircraft;
(n) a flight crew incapacitation in flight in the following circumstances:
(i) where an aircraft is operated by a sole pilot:
(ii) where a flight is controlled remotely by a sole pilot: or
(ii) in case of multi-pilot operation flight safety was compromised because of a significant increase in workload for remaining crew;
(o) a fuel quantity level or distribution situations requiring a declaration of an emergency, such as insufficient fuel, fuel exhaustion, fuel starvation, or inability to use all usable fuel on board;
(p) a runway incursion classified as severity “Aâ€ as outlined in Document SA-CATS 12;
(q) a take-off or landing incident such as under-shooting, overrunning, or running off the side of a runway;
(r) a system failure which includes loss of power or thrust, weather phenomena, operation outside approved flight envelope, or other occurrence which caused or could have caused difficulty in
controlling an aircraft;
(s) a failure of more than one system in a redundancy system mandatory for flight guidance and navigation;
(t) an unintentional or. as an emergency measure, an intentional release of a sling load or any other load carried external to an aircraft; and
(u) an incident where upon evaluation, no credible defences have been identified in the form of barriers that will mitigate the high probability of an accident occurring.